Amoxicillin: Uses, Dosage, Side Effects, and Interactions
Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat a variety of bacterial infections. It is a broad-spectrum antibiotic, meaning that it is effective against a wide range of bacteria.
Uses
Amoxicillin is used to treat the following infections:
- Ear, nose, and throat infections: Sinusitis, otitis media, pharyngitis, tonsillitis
- Respiratory tract infections: Pneumonia, bronchitis, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis
- Skin and soft tissue infections: Cellulitis, impetigo, folliculitis, furuncles, abscesses
- Urinary tract infections: Cystitis, pyelonephritis
- Gastrointestinal infections: Giardiasis, traveler's diarrhea
- Bone and joint infections: Osteomyelitis, septic arthritis
- Sexually transmitted infections: Gonorrhea, syphilis
Dosage
The dosage of amoxicillin depends on the type of infection being treated and the patient's age and weight.
Adults
- For mild to moderate infections: 500 milligrams (mg) to 1 gram (g) by mouth three times a day
- For severe infections: 2 grams by mouth three times a day
Children
- For mild to moderate infections: 25 to 50 mg per kilogram (kg) of body weight by mouth three times a day
- For severe infections: 50 to 75 mg per kg by mouth three times a day
Side effects
Amoxicillin is generally well-tolerated. The most common side effects include:
- Diarrhea
- Nausea
- Vomiting
- Abdominal pain
- Skin rash
- Hives
Rare but serious side effects
Serious side effects of amoxicillin are rare but can include:
- Severe allergic reaction
- Liver damage
- Kidney damage
- Blood disorders
Interactions
Amoxicillin can interact with other medications, including:
- Anticoagulants: Amoxicillin can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with anticoagulants, such as warfarin.
- Anticonvulsants: Amoxicillin can decrease the effectiveness of anticonvulsants, such as phenytoin and carbamazepine.
- Diuretics: Amoxicillin can increase the risk of kidney damage when taken with diuretics, such as furosemide.
- Medications for peptic ulcer disease: Amoxicillin can decrease the effectiveness of medications for peptic ulcer disease, such as omeprazole and lansoprazole.
Overdose
Overdose of amoxicillin can cause symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. In severe cases, overdose can lead to seizures, kidney damage, and death.
Storage
Amoxicillin should be stored at room temperature in a dry place. It should be protected from light and moisture.
Conclusion
Amoxicillin is a safe and effective antibiotic for treating a variety of bacterial infections. It is important to follow your doctor's instructions carefully when taking amoxicillin to ensure that you get the most benefit from the medication and to minimize your risk of side effects.
