How Low Blood Pressure Affects Pregnancy
Low blood pressure, also known as hypotension, is a common condition in pregnancy. It is defined as a systolic blood pressure (the top number) of less than 90 mmHg or a diastolic blood pressure (the bottom number) of less than 60 mmHg.
Low blood pressure during pregnancy can be caused by a number of factors, including:
- Increased blood volume: As the pregnancy progresses, the body produces more blood to meet the needs of the growing fetus. This can lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
- Relaxation of blood vessels: The hormones of pregnancy, such as relaxin, can cause the blood vessels to relax. This can also lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
- Dehydration: Dehydration can cause a decrease in blood volume, which can lead to low blood pressure.
- Anemia: Anemia is a condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells. Red blood cells carry oxygen to the tissues, so anemia can lead to a decrease in blood pressure.
Symptoms of low blood pressure during pregnancy can include:
- Dizziness
- Lightheadedness
- Fainting
- Headache
- Nausea
- Vomiting
In most cases, low blood pressure during pregnancy is not a serious condition.
However, it can sometimes lead to complications, such as:
- Preterm birth: Low blood pressure can reduce the amount of oxygen that reaches the fetus, which can increase the risk of preterm birth.
- Placental abruption: This is a serious condition in which the placenta separates from the uterus. It can be caused by low blood pressure, among other things.
- Fetal growth restriction: This is a condition in which the fetus does not grow as it should. It can be caused by low blood pressure, among other things.
If you experience any symptoms of low blood pressure during pregnancy, it is important to see your doctor. Your doctor will assess your condition and recommend treatment, if necessary.
Treatment for low blood pressure during pregnancy may include:
- Increased fluid intake: Drinking plenty of fluids can help to increase blood volume and blood pressure.
- Salt intake: Eating a diet that is high in salt can also help to increase blood pressure.
- Exercise: Regular exercise can help to improve circulation and blood pressure.
- Medication: In some cases, medication may be necessary to treat low blood pressure.
By following your doctor's instructions, you can help to prevent complications and ensure a healthy pregnancy.
